1. A douber (to adjust) – To Touch a Piece or a Pawn without intending to move it. It is a French expression, which means ‘I adjust’ (J’ adouble). It is obligatory to say so in case one does not wish to play the piece touched. Otherwise, the standard rule is you must move the Piece or Pawn you touch.
2. Blitz or Blitz Game – Lightening game with each move having just 10 seconds for contemplation.
3. Capture in Passing (En Passant) – Capture of a Pawn which has moved two squares forward on its first move, by an enemy Pawn in an adjacent square at the same level.
4. Castling - Special move performed by the King and a Rook.
5. Check - Attack on the king by an enemy Piece or Pawn.
6. Closed File – Blocked at least by one of one’s own Pawns.
7. Closed Game – Type of opening with 1. d4 d5 …
8. Combinations – A forceful maneuver in conjunction with a sacrifice
9. Control – A Piece controlling a square without the square being accessible to it
10.Crossed (Ed) Check – Covering of a check which has for its effect the engendering of another check in its turn
11.Development – Mobilization of the pieces.
12.Diagonals – all the oblique line of varying length.
13.Discovered Check – It occurs through a move by one pieces, which uncovers the line of attack of another piece, which then gives check. That is, when a piece moves, uncovering the line of the attack in process, it then proceeds to give check.
14.Double Check – Simultaneous attack on the King by two pieces. It is complex form of discovered check.
15.Draw – Game ending without any decisive end.
16.En Price – When a piece is in a position where it can be captured by the enemy.
17.Exchange – Reciprocal capture of equal value.
18.Fianchetto – Development of a Bishop on the long diagonal.
19.File – Synonym of vertical line
20.Force Moved – Absence of any alternative, any other move being contrary to the rules of game, or part of move being prohibihitive. No option move.
21.Fork – Simultaneous attack on two pieces by means of a single Pawn or Knight.
22.Gambit – Deliberate sacrifice of a chessman (nearly always a Pawn) in the hope of gaining other advantages. If the opponent declines the proposition, it is a refused gambit; if he/she accepts the challenge, with a view of giving back the booty in the near future, it is called counter gambit.
23.Group – Ranks or files at the edge of the chessboard.
24.Legal’s Mate, Smothered Mate, Sidelines Mate – Type of mate where the King is hemmed in (immobilized-literary) by his own chessmen.
25.Lines – A rank, file or diagonal.
26.Lone King – King deprived of his pieces and pawns.
27.Major Pieces – Queens and Rooks.
28.Mate – The supreme aim of the game. This situation occurs when all avenues of escape from check have been exhausted.
29.Minor Pieces – Bishops and Knights.
30.Move – Any movement of a Piece or a Pawn. In a wider sense, each move comprises of a White move followed by a Black move.
31.Obstruct – To block the line of action of a piece by means of another piece.
32.Open File – File clear of Pieces.
33.Open Games - Games played with not the standard type of openings like e4 etc.
34.Perpetual Check – Inability of the king to find a means of escape from repeated checks, although he /she can always find a square to escape to, to avoid the mate. It Is one of the ways a game of chess can be drawn.
35.Pin – Maneuver by which a pieces is immobilized. To get out of it, the opponent can undertake a maneuver to unpin himself.
36.Position – The whole set up of the chessmen on the board. The position varies at each move.
37.Promotion – The replacing of a Pawn which reaches the horizontal edge of the board by a Piece of the player’s choice.
38.Quality – Difference in value between the Rook and the Bishop(or The Knight)
39.Rank – Synonym of horizontal line.
40.Sacrifice – Voluntary concession of material.
41.Screen - To take a protective measure. Thus the expression “to screen a check”.
42.Stalemate - Case where the King cannot move without putting himself in check, while his other men, if there are any, are immobilized. Stalemate entails a draw. It is the situation where the player is not in check as the pieces stand but has no move except one that woul place the King in check. Stalemate is not mate because it is not even check. The game cannot go on, as the stalemates player has no legal move, and yet neither player has won. So the game is called a draw Stalemate adds a touch of a quaintness to chess.
43.Triple Recurrence of Position – Only the player whose turn it is to move can claim this draw. He/she must prove that the existing position has occurred twice before at his turn to move, or else that by his next move, which he must indicate but not play, he could produce a position that has occurred twice before with his opponent to move.
44.To Queen – This expression is used to denote the position of the Pawn that reaches the horizontal edge of the chessboard.
45.Wing – Left of Right-hand side of the chess-board.
46.Zugz Wang – A situation where the obligation to move is less than a handicap because any move likely to damage the position of the mover. It is a German expression to signify a blockade position in which any move is disadvantageous to blockade player.

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