Seven End-Game Guidelines
1. As you have so few pieces, see that you make the most of each one. For this purpose try to avoid having to use a piece for a defensive task, especially a rook It is only when aggressively posited that a piece pulls it full weight
2. Remember that in the end-game the King is a fighting piece. Make use of it.
3. A Rook’s goal is the seventh rank. Here is attacks pawns which cannot possibly call other pawns to their support. A Rook is here particulary strong if at the same time it confines the enemy king to his bank rank.
4. If you have a bishop, whether the enemy has one or not, place your pawns on the opposite colour to that occupied by your own bishop.
To Beginners this rule for bishops and pawns sound silly, because deprives the pawn of the bishop’s support. However, on opposite colours the bishop and pawns together command more squares, they do not overlap. It is the same reason that makes two bishops so strong.
5. Always remember : the passed pawn is the soul of the end-game. A passed pawn advanced to the sixth or seventh rank is often worth a piece
6. With the advantage, keep pawns on both wings. This helps to avoid a draw. If there are pawns on one wing only, the advantage of one pawn extra is more often than not, insufficient to win.
7. Reuben Fine’s excellent rules: For winning, exchange pieces; For Drawing, exchange pawns.
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